{"id":"us-fcc-tcpa-ai-voice","slug":"fcc-tcpa-ai-voice","url":"https://botnotice.app/laws/fcc-tcpa-ai-voice","jurisdiction":"US-FED","jurisdiction_name":"United States (federal)","name":"TCPA: AI-generated voices are 'artificial or prerecorded' calls","citation":"47 U.S.C. § 227; FCC Declaratory Ruling (Feb 8, 2024); pending FCC AI-disclosure NPRM","status":"in_force","effective_date":"2024-02-08","applicability_note":null,"summary":"The FCC ruled that calls using AI-generated or AI-modified voices are 'artificial or prerecorded voice' calls under the TCPA. Prior express consent is required for most such calls, calling-hour limits apply, and a pending rule would require a plain-language AI disclosure at the start of every call.","who_must_comply":"Any business placing AI voice-agent calls to U.S. residential or mobile numbers.","applies_to":[{"code":"voice_agent","label":"AI phone / voice agent"}],"requires_memory_to_trigger":false,"excludes_plain_support_bots":false,"disclosure":{"required":"Identify the business at the start of the call; a specific 'this call uses an AI-generated voice' disclosure is proposed federally and already required by some states.","timing":"At the opening of the call.","re_disclose_hours":null,"re_disclose_hours_minors":null,"when_asked":false,"minor_notice":false},"other_duties":["Obtain and log prior express (written, for marketing) consent.","Call only 8am–9pm local time.","Honor opt-outs immediately."],"exemptions":["Calls with valid prior express consent still require identification but are lawful."],"penalties":"$500 per call, up to $1,500 per willful call, with no cap; frequent class actions.","enforcement":"FCC, state attorneys general, and private plaintiffs.","private_right_of_action":true,"sources":[{"title":"Henson Legal — AI voice agent compliance: TCPA rules & FCC requirements (2026)","url":"https://www.henson-legal.com/ai-voice-compliance"}],"risk_weight":4,"last_verified":"2026-09-09","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","dataset":"https://botnotice.app/datasets/ai-disclosure-laws","not_legal_advice":true}